Professor Steven Bellman

Senior Marketing Scientist

Steven is the MediaScience Research Professor at the Ehrenberg-Bass Institute.He worked in the advertising industry, and ever since has been interested in understanding advertising and media. Since 2005, he has been involved with the Beyond :30 project, testing innovations in the media and advertising industry, often for the first time. He has expertise in the design of experiments and the use of biometric and survey measures of advertising effects.

In 2021, he was ranked in the top 5 of advertising researchers worldwide (equal #4), and was a co-author of the Best Paper in the Journal of Advertising Research in 2015. His work has appeared in international journals such as the Journal of Marketing, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, and Management Science. He is a Specialty Chief Editor for Frontiers in Communication, a Senior Editor for Electronic Markets, and an Associate Editor for the Journal of Interactive Marketing, and is on the editorial boards of the Journal of Advertising, Journal of Advertising Research, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, and Communication Methods and Measures.

Academic Publications

D Corkindale, M Neale, S Bellman (2023), Product Placement and Integrated Marketing Communications Effects on an Informational TV Program, Journal of Advertising 52 (1), 75-93

ZW Anesbury, S Bellman, C Driesener, B Page, B Sharp (2022), Ageism kills brands, Australasian Marketing Journal 30 (4), 364-370

B Wooley, S Bellman, N Hartnett, A Rask, D Varan (2022), Influence of dynamic content on visual attention during video advertisements, European Journal of Marketing 56 (13), 137-166

S Bellman, RF Potter, JA Robinson, D Varan (2021), The effectiveness of various video ad-choice formats, Journal of Marketing Communications 27 (6), 631-650

S Bellman, S Arismendez, D Varan (2021), Can muted video advertising be as effective as video advertising with sound?, SN Business & Economics 1 (1), 27

A Michelon, S Bellman, M Faulkner, J Cohen, J Bruwer (2020), A new benchmark for mechanical avoidance of radio advertising: Why radio advertising is a sound investment, Journal of Advertising Research 60 (4), 407-416

S Bellman, V Beal, B Wooley, D Varan (2020), Viewing time as a cross-media metric: Comparing viewing time for video advertising on television and online, Journal of Business Research 120, 103-113

ZW Anesbury, CB Driesener, B Page, S Bellman, B Sharp (2020), Net audiences: a comparison of the Sainsbury Normal Method and the Sainsbury Weighted Method, Journal of Marketing Management 36 (15-16), 1591-1610

P Barwise, S Bellman, V Beal (2020), Why do people watch so much television and video?: implications for the future of viewing and advertising, Journal of Advertising Research 60 (2), 121-134

L Simmonds, S Bellman, R Kennedy, M Nenycz-Thiel, S Bogomolova (2020), Moderating effects of prior brand usage on visual attention to video advertising and recall: An eye-tracking investigation, Journal of Business Research 111, 241-248

D Varan, M Nenycz-Thiel, R Kennedy, S Bellman (2020), The effects of commercial length on advertising impact: What short advertisements can and cannot deliver, Journal of Advertising Research 60 (1), 54-70

S Bellman, A Rask, D Varan (2019), How Chipotle used unbranded content to increase purchase intention by changing beliefs about ethical consumption, Journal of Marketing Communications 25 (7), 763-782

S Bellman, M Nenycz-Thiel, R Kennedy, N Hartnett, D Varan (2019), Best measures of attention to creative tactics in TV advertising: when do attention-getting devices capture or reduce attention?, Journal of Advertising Research 59 (3), 295-311

S Bellman, J Murphy, SV Arismendez, D Varan (2019), How TV sponsorship can help television spot advertising, European Journal of Marketing 53 (1), 121-136

S Bellman, KB Murray (2018), Feedback, task performance, and interface preferences, European Journal of Information Systems 27 (6), 654-669

B Sharp, N Danenberg, S Bellman (2018), Psychological targeting, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (34), E7890-E7890

S Bellman, M Nenycz-Thiel, R Kennedy, L Larguinat, B McColl, D Varan (2017), What makes a television commercial sell? using biometrics to identify successful ads: demonstrating neuromeasures’ potential on 100 mars brand ads with single-source data, Journal of Advertising Research 57 (1), 53-66

S Bellman, JA Robinson, B Wooley, D Varan (2017), The effects of social TV on television advertising effectiveness, Journal of Marketing Communications 23 (1), 73-91+

L Simmonds, S Bellman, R Kennedy, S Bogomolova, M Nenycz-Thiel (2016), The Role Of Prior Brand Experience In Processing Advertising, Psychophysiology 53, S57-S57

J Brechman, S Bellman, JA Robinson, A Rask, D Varan (2016), Limited-interruption advertising in digital-video content: An analysis compares the effects of “midroll” versus “preroll” spots and clutter advertising, Journal of advertising research 56 (3), 289-298

J Juckel, S Bellman, D Varan (2016), The Utility of Arc Length for Continuous Response Measurement of Audience Responses to Humour. Israeli Journal for Humor Research 5 (1), 46-64

S Bellman, B Wooley, D Varan (2016), Program–ad matching and television ad effectiveness: A reinquiry using facial tracking software, Journal of Advertising 45 (1), 72-77

SF Zorn, S Bellman, JA Robinson, D Varan (2016), Cultural differences affect interactive television advertising, Journal of Marketing Communications 22 (1), 3-17

JM Brechman, S Bellman, JA Robinson, S Treleaven-Hassard, D Varan (2015), Which ticker format works best? Effects of updating and scrolling news content on viewer memory and program engagement, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 92 (4), 970-985

S Bellman, JA Robinson, R Reid, D Varan (2015), Contextual priming effects of television programs on commercials: The moderating effects of age, Journal of Promotion Management 21 (5), 566-583

D Varan, A Lang, P Barwise, R Weber, S Bellman (2015), How Reliable Are Neuromarketers’ Measures of Advertising Effectiveness?: Data from Ongoing Research Holds No Common Truth among Vendors, Journal of advertising research 55 (2), 176-191

J Brechman, S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2015), Interactive branded overlays, Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 59 (1), 184-207

L Neale, S Bellman, S Treleaven-Hassard, JA Robinson, D Varan (2013), Unlocking the “Reminder” potential when viewers pause programs: Results from a laboratory test of a new online medium, Journal of Advertising Research 53 (4), 444-454

D Varan, J Murphy, CF Hofacker, JA Robinson, RF Potter, S Bellman (2013), What Works Best When Combining Television Sets, PCs, Tablets, or Mobile Phones?: How Synergies Across Devices Result From Cross-Device Effects and Cross-Format Synergies, Journal of Advertising Research 53 (2), 212-220

S Bellman, J Murphy, S Treleaven-Hassard, J O’Farrell, L Qiu, D Varan (2013), Using internet behavior to deliver relevant television commercials, Journal of Interactive Marketing 27 (2), 130-140

S Bellman, JR Rossiter, A Schweda, D Varan (2012), How coviewing reduces the effectiveness of TV advertising, Journal of Marketing Communications 18 (5), 363-378

J Rossiter, S Bellman (2012), Emotional branding pays off: How brands meet share of requirements through bonding, companionship, and love, Journal of Advertising Research 52 (3), 291-296

S Bellman, S Treleaven-Hassard, JA Robinson, A Rask, D Varan (2012), Getting the balance right, Journal of Advertising 41 (2), 5-24

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2012), Interactive TV advertising: iTV ad executional factors, Journal of Business Research 65 (6), 831-839

S Bellman, RF Potter, S Treleaven-Hassard, JA Robinson, D Varan (2011), The effectiveness of branded mobile phone apps, Journal of interactive Marketing 25 (4), 191-200

KB Murray, S Bellman (2011), Productive play time: the effect of practice on consumer demand for hedonic experiences, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 39, 376-391

S Treleaven-Hassard, J Gold, S Bellman, A Schweda, J Ciorciari (2010), Using the P3a to gauge automatic attention to interactive television advertising, Journal of economic psychology 31 (5), 777-784

S Zorn, W Jarvis, S Bellman (2010), Attitudinal perspectives for predicting churn, Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 4 (2), 157-169

SR Dix, S Bellman, H Haddad, D Varan (2010), Using interactive program-loyalty banners to reduce TV ad avoidance: Is it possible to give viewers a reason to stay tuned during commercial breaks?, Journal of Advertising Research 50 (2), 154-161

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2010), Minimum effective frequency for interactive television ads, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice 11, 281-301

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2010), The residual impact of avoided television advertising, Journal of advertising 39 (1), 67-82

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2010), The importance of social motives for watching and interacting with digital television, International Journal of Market Research 52 (1), 67-87

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2009), Viewing angle matters—Screen type does not, Journal of Communication 59 (3), 609-634

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2009), A comparison of three interactive television ad formats, Journal of Interactive Advertising 10 (1), 14-34

YW Lee, S Bellman (2008), An augmented model of customer loyalty for organizational purchasing of financial services, Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing 15 (3), 290-322

S Bellman (2007), Theory and measurement of type 1 and type 2 emotions, Australasian Marketing Journal 15 (1), 14-22

N Reading, S Bellman, D Varan, H Winzar (2006), Effectiveness of telescopic advertisements delivered via personal video recorders, Journal of Advertising Research 46 (2), 217-227

S Bellman, EJ Johnson, GL Lohse, N Mandel (2006), Designing marketplaces of the artificial with consumers in mind: four approaches to understanding consumer behavior in electronic environments, Journal of Interactive Marketing 20 (1), 21-33

S Bellman, EJ Johnson, SJ Kobrin, GL Lohse (2004), International differences in information privacy concerns: A global survey of consumers, The Information Society 20 (5), 313-324

S Bellman, JR Rossiter (2004), The website schema, Journal of interactive advertising 4 (2), 38-48

EJ Johnson, WW Moe, PS Fader, S Bellman, GL Lohse (2004), On the depth and dynamics of online search behavior, Management science 50 (3), 299-308

S Bellman, EJ Johnson, SJ Kobrin, GL Lohse (2004), International differences in information privacy concern: Implications for the globalization of electronic commerce, ACR North American Advances

DL Alpers, AC Taylor, P Sunnucks, SA Bellman, WB Sherwin (2003), Pooling hair samples to increase DNA yield for PCR, Conservation Genetics 4, 779-788

EJ Johnson, S Bellman, GL Lohse (2003), Cognitive lock-in and the power law of practice, Journal of Marketing 67 (2), 62-75

Steven Bellman, Nick Forster, Leonie Still, Cary L Cooper (2003), Gender differences in the use of social support as a moderator of occupational stress, Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the investigation of Stress

EJ Johnson, S Bellman, GL Lohse (2002), Defaults, Framing and Privacy: Why Opting In-Opting Out, Marketing letters 13, 5-15

GL Lohse, S Bellman, EJ Johnson (2000), Consumer buying behavior on the Internet: Findings from panel data, Journal of interactive Marketing 14 (1), 15-29

JR Rossiter, S Bellman (2005), Marketing communications, Pearson/Prentice Hall

JA Robinson, A Schweda, S Bellman, D Varan (2011), A map of the new television ad model landscape: Viewer and industry evaluations, ANZMAC 2011

S Bellman, J O’Farrell, L Qiu, J Murphy, D Varan (2010), Using the internet to snychronize television and IPTV advertising, The Direct/Interactive Marketing Research Summitt

D Varan, S Bellman (2008), The utility of Lab-based research in understanding televisions changing landscape, Empirical Generalizations in Advertising Conference

S Zorn, W Jarvis, S Bellman (2008), Identifying customers likely to churn, ANZMAC 2008: Marketing: Shifting the Focus from Mainstream to Offbeat

D Varan, S Bellman (2007), Digital television as persuasive technology, International Conference on Persuasive Technology, 243-252

JR Rossiter, S Bellman (2007), Do The New Branding Concepts Add To The Prediction Of Brand-Loyal Behavior And Heavy Usage Of The Brand?, American Academy of Advertising. Conference. Proceedings (Online), 15

S Bellman (2007), Implications of the changing media landscape for advertising research, Australian Market $ Social Research Society’s 2007 National Conference: The Changing Face of Research

D Varan, S Bellman, A Schweda (2005), Branded entertainment and the rise of explicit program integration, ANZMAC 2005: Broadening the Boundaries

A Schweda, S Bellman, D Varan (2005), Country differences in technology experience: The effect of teletext on iTV adoption in the United Kingdom, ANZMAC 2005: Broadening the Boundaries

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), Interactive television advertising: A research agenda, ANZMAC 2005: Broadening the Boundaries

S Bellman, G Pribudi, D Varan (2004), The impact of adding interactivity to television advertising on elaboration, recall and persuasion, ANZMAC 2004

H Reijonen, S Bellman, J Murphy, H Kokkonen (2021), Factors related to recycling plastic packaging in Finland’s new waste management scheme, Waste Management 131, 88-97

R Lee, H Khan, S Bellman (2021), Mere association of product image and travel destination, Annals of Tourism Research 86, 103062

L Simmonds, S Bogomolova, R Kennedy, M Nenycz‐Thiel, S Bellman (2020), A dualprocess model of how incorporating audiovisual sensory cues in video advertising promotes active attention, Psychology & Marketing 37 (8), 1057-1067

S Bellman, D Varan (2020), Neuromarketing: How to Choose the Right Measures, The Handbook of Communication Science and Biology, 254-265

S Bellman, ZHS Abdelmoety, J Murphy, S Arismendez, D Varan (2018), Brand safety: the effects of controversial video content on pre-roll advertising, Heliyon 4 (12)

DL Alpers, FM Walker, AC Taylor, P Sunnucks, S Bellman, BD Hansen, (2016), Evidence of subdivisions on evolutionary timescales in a large, declining marsupial distributed across a phylogeographic barrier, PLoS One 11 (10), e0162789

J Juckel, S Bellman, D Varan (2016), A humor typology to identify humor styles used in sitcoms, Humor 29 (4), 583-603

JM Brechman, S Bellman, RF Potter, S Treleaven-Hassard, JA Robinson,  (2015), Branded Mobile Apps: Possibilities for Advertising in an Emergent Mobile Channel, Encyclopedia of Mobile Phone Behavior, 142-150

S Bellman, A Kemp, H Haddad, D Varan (2014), The effectiveness of advergames compared to television commercials and interactive commercials featuring advergames, Computers in Human Behavior 32, 276-283

S Bellman, S Treleaven-Hassard, JA Robinson, D Varan, RF Potter (2013), Brand communication with branded smartphone apps: First insights on possibilities and limits, NIM Marketing Intelligence Review 5 (2), 24-27

S Bellman, D Varan (2012), Modeling self-selection bias in interactive-communications research, Communication Methods and Measures 6 (3), 163-189

D Varan, J Murphy, C Hofacker, J Robinson, R Potter, S Bellman (2012), Cross-device synergy VERSUS Cross-media synergy, EG II: What works in the new age of advertising & marketing

S Bellman, JA Robinson, R Reid, D Varan (2011), Contextual advertising versus branded entertainment, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, T McGuire, D Varan (2010), Creative execution factors for IPTV ads, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, RF Potter, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Platform optimization, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, R Reid, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Addressable TV frequency, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, JA Robinson, R Reid, D Varan (2010), Branded pause, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, RF Potter, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Branded mobile phone apps, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, RF Potter, R Reid, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Ad choice, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, R Reid, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Are all screens equal for interaction?, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Rask, JA Robinson, D Varan (2010), Comparing interactive ad formats for online video, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, L Qui, J O’Farrell, J Murphy, D Varan (2009), Internet synchronized television advertising, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, JA Robinson, D Varan (2009), Platform synergy, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, JA Robinson, D Varan (2009), Effective iTV ad execution factors: Wink vs. Sky, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

A Rask, S Bellman, A Schweda, S Treleaven-Hassard, D Varan (2009), Profiling the ad avoider, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Rask, JA Robinson, D Varan (2009), Commercial loading, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

JA Robinson, A Rask, S Bellman, H Haddad, D Varan (2009), Psychological drivers of interaction, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman (2009), The Web Ad Schema and grammatical analysis for web advertising sites: Using grammatical analysis to identify the consumer characteristics of visitors to web advertising sites, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

D Varan, A Schweda, S Bellman (2008), Can TV ads be successfully repurposed to 2×2 screens?

S Bellman, H Haddad, D Varan (2008), Are all views created equal?, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2008), Minimum effective frequency for iTV ads, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Treleaven-Hassard, S Bellman, PD Drummond, D Marevic, D Varan (2008), Ad skipping: Novelty seeking or avoidance

A Rask, S Bellman, A Schweda, S Treleaven-Hassard, D Varan (2008), Addressable advertising, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Rask, JA Robinson, D Varan (2008), Limited interruption addressable TV, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

D Varan, S Treleaven-Hassard, J Gold, S Bellman, A Schweda, J Ciorciari, (2008), Using the P3a to gauge automatic attention to interactive television advertising

S Dix, S Bellman, H Haddad, D Varan (2007), Interactive program loyalty, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

D Varan, S Bellman (2007), The impact of interactive TV advertising

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2007), Interactive branded entertainment, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2007), Execution tactics for more effective iTV advertising, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

K Murray, S Bellman (2007), Playing games efficiently: Hedonic learning and loyalty, ACR North American Advances

A Schweda, A Hynd, S Bellman, D Varan (2006), Viewer and industry evaluations of New Ad models, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2006), The effects of interactive TV clutter, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2006), Program context effects on TV advertising, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

Duane Varan, Steve Bellman, A Hynd (2006), Submission in response to the” Meeting the Digital Challenge”, Submitted by The Interactive Television Research Institute Murdoch University-Western Australia April 18, 2006

S Bellman, D Varan, A Schweda (2006), Beyond exposure: Researching audience engagement with program and advertising content

S Bellman, C Winkler, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), Advertising on 3 screens: TV vs. PC vs. Portable video, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman (2005), PVRs and the new landscape of television, OZ-E Culture 2005: Magic, Money and Myth

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), “Mere Interaction” effects, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), The residual impact of avoided TV advertising, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), Effects of coviewing on iTV ads, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), Uses and gratifications of iTV, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

S Bellman, A Schweda, D Varan (2005), Comparing ad models, Murdoch University. Audience Research Labs

L Still, S Bellman, G Soutar (2002), What is it worth? Gender differences In the salary outcomes of MBA graduates

S Bellman, JR Rossiter (2001), The Web Ad Schema, Working Paper, Graduate School of

L Still, S Bellman, J Kok (2001), How Do You Fare? Career Outcomes of MBA Graduates 1977-2001

R Burr, S Bellman (2001), Hate, Rage and Mischief? Or a Strategic Partner for Competitive Advantage? MBA Student’s Perceptions of Human Resource Management and their Implications for Management Education, Hate, Rage and Mischief? Or a Strategic Partner for Competitive Advantage

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